ما هو الحال / الظرف؟
هو كلمة تصف فعل أو صفة أو حال
الحال هو كلمة تضيف لمعنى الفعل
Adjectives describe nouns.
Adverbs describe verbs.
1- Adverbs of manners:
هذا النوع من الحال يصف كيفية حدوث الفعل
~Arwa is slow.
S__V__adj.
How does she run?
~Arwa runs slowly.
S__V____adv.
~ Arwa runs very slowly.
S__V__adv __adv.
(very) describes (slowly)
~ Arwa is extremely slow.
S___V__adv ___adj.
الحال إذا وصف حال آخر أو صفة فإنه يأتي قبلهم
~ Ali behaved angrily.
S___V _____adv.
طريقة تكوين معظم الأحوال في اللغة الإنجليزية تتكون من ly صفة مضاف إليها
- Quickly
- Clearly
- Seriously
- Happily
- Carefully
- Dangerously
توجد صفات تنتهي
ly بـ
و هي ليست أحوال على الإطلاق
- Friendly > adj
- Lonely > adj
- Lovely > adj
- Lively > adj
- Silly > adj
هناك كلمات يمكن أن تستخدم كصفة أو حال و تُفهم من السياق
- Early
- Hard
- Fast
- Late
- Daily
- High
- Wrong
- Right
- Weekly
- Monthly
~ We got up early
S__V __adv
~ I always catch the early train
S__adv___V ____adj ___n
~ Ahmed arrived late
S_____V ____adv
~ Ahmed was late
S____V ___ adj
2- Adverbs of degree:
- Very
- Extremely
- So
- Too
- Quite
- Hardly
- Simply
- Nearly
~ you’re quite right.
S_V _adv _adj
~ it’s too hot
s_v_adv_adj
3- Adverbs of place:
- Here
- There
- Anywhere
- Somewhere
- Downstairs
- Upstairs
- Outside
- Inside
- In
- Out
~ I’m not going anywhere
S ______V _____adv
~ they went out
S___V ___adv
~ wait here
__V___adv
4- Adverbs of time:
When يجيب على سؤال بدأ بـ
- Tomorrow
- Just
- Yet
- Yesterday
- Finally
- Already
~ Let’s meet tomorrow.
~ Yesterday, they watched a movie.
5 – Adverbs of frequency:
- Always
- Usually
- Often
- Sometimes
- Every
- Scarcely
- Frequently
- Never
~ Lina usually gets good grades.
~ I always do my homework.
Exercises:
- The bus was very ( slow – slowly)
- We arrived (late – lately)
- You look (angry – angrily)
- Don’t drive so ( fast – fastly)